Tamburlan

Tamburlan o Barlan (nommat ansin en occitan; en persan:تیمور Timūr ; "fèrre" o تيمور لنگ, Timūr-e Lang, "Timur la Lama"; en chagatai: Temür; en turc: Demir; conegut dins d'autras lengas coma Timur, Tamerlane, Tamerlan; 8 d'abril de 1336 – 18 de febrièr de 1405), foguèt un emperaire mongòl e conquistaire de l'oèst, del sud e del centre d'Asia, e lo fondador de la dinastia tamburlanida (1370–1405) en Asia Centrala, e rèiregrand de Babur, lo fondador de la dinastia Mogòl, que subrevisquèt amb l'Empèri Mogòl en Índia entrò en 1857.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Tamburlan èra a son epòca un personatge contravertit, e o demòra encara uèi. Ensagèt de restaurar l'Empèri Mongòl,^[6]^[7] pasmens son accion pus pesuga foguèt contra l'Òrda d'Aur tatara e islamizada. Èra mai sovent en çò sieu dins un environament urban que non pas per l'estèpa. Sas guèrras e sas ràzias afectèron grèvament mantun estat musulman, en particular lo Soudanat de Delhi. Grand amator d'arts, sas campanhas causèron tanben de vastas destruccions.

Referéncias

↑ "Timur", Encyclopædia Britannica, Online Academic Edition, 2007.
↑ "Central Asia, history of Timur", in Encyclopædia Britannica, Online Edition, 2007., Quotation: "... Timur first united under his leadership the Turko-Mongol tribes located in the basins of the two rivers...."
↑ History of Central Asia, Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 13 December 2008.
↑ B.F. Manz, "Tīmūr Lang", in Encyclopaedia of Islam.
↑ "Timur" The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001-05. Quotation: Tamerlane, c.1336–1405, b. Kesh, near Samarkand. He is also called Timur Leng [Timur the lame]. He was the son of a tribal leader. Some historians claim that he was the descendant of Genghis Khan. He was from a Mongol tribe, Barlos. There were mongol tribes used to live in the area where his father was a leader. Timur spent his early military career in subduing his rivals in what is now Turkistan; by 1369 he firmly controlled the entire area from his capital at Samarkand.
↑ Beatrice Forbes Manz, Temür and the Problem of a Conqueror's Legacy, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Third Series, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Apr., 1998), 25; "In his formal correspondance Temur continued throughout his life as the restorer of Chinggisid rights. He even justified his Iranian, Mamluk and Ottoman campaigns as a reimposition of legitimate Mongol control over lands taken by usurpers...".
↑ Michal Biran, The Chaghadaids and Islam: The Conversion of Tarmashirin Khan (1331-34) , Journal of American Oriental Society, Vol. 122, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 2002), 751; "Temur, a non-Chinggisid, tried to build a double legitimacy based on his role as both guardian and restorer of the Mongol Empire.".

[1] "Timur", Encyclopædia Britannica, Online Academic Edition, 2007.

[2] "Central Asia, history of Timur", in Encyclopædia Britannica, Online Edition, 2007., Quotation: "... Timur first united under his leadership the Turko-Mongol tribes located in the basins of the two rivers...."

[3] History of Central Asia, Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 13 December 2008.

[EI-4] B.F. Manz, "Tīmūr Lang", in Encyclopaedia of Islam.

[5] "Timur" The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001-05. Quotation: Tamerlane, c.1336–1405, b. Kesh, near Samarkand. He is also called Timur Leng [Timur the lame]. He was the son of a tribal leader. Some historians claim that he was the descendant of Genghis Khan. He was from a Mongol tribe, Barlos. There were mongol tribes used to live in the area where his father was a leader. Timur spent his early military career in subduing his rivals in what is now Turkistan; by 1369 he firmly controlled the entire area from his capital at Samarkand.

[6] Beatrice Forbes Manz, Temür and the Problem of a Conqueror's Legacy, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Third Series, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Apr., 1998), 25; "In his formal correspondance Temur continued throughout his life as the restorer of Chinggisid rights. He even justified his Iranian, Mamluk and Ottoman campaigns as a reimposition of legitimate Mongol control over lands taken by usurpers...".

[7] Michal Biran, The Chaghadaids and Islam: The Conversion of Tarmashirin Khan (1331-34) , Journal of American Oriental Society, Vol. 122, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 2002), 751; "Temur, a non-Chinggisid, tried to build a double legitimacy based on his role as both guardian and restorer of the Mongol Empire.".

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