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'''Jerusalèm''' (''ירושלים'' - ''Yerushalayim'' en [[ebrieu]], القدس - ''al Quds'' en [[arabi]] musulman o ''ا'ورشليم'' ''Ûrshalîm'' en arabi crestian ; lo nom oficial per l'Estat d'Israèl es ''Yerushalayim Ûrshalîm al Quds'') es una vila de l' [[Orient Mejan]] considerada per l'estat d'[[Israèl]] coma sa capitala, mas aquesta designacion es pas reconeguda per la comunautat internacionala.
'''Jerusalèm''' (''ירושלים'' - ''Yerushalayim'' en [[ebrieu]], القدس - ''al Quds'' en [[arabi]] musulman o ''ا'ورشليم'' ''Ûrshalîm'' en arabi crestian ; lo nom oficial per l'Estat d'Israèl es ''Yerushalayim Ûrshalîm al Quds'') es una vila de l' [[Orient Mejan]] considerada per l'estat d'[[Israèl]] coma sa capitala, mas aquesta designacion es pas reconeguda per la comunautat internacionala.
La vila es situada dins los [[Monts de Judèa]], entre la [[Mar Mediterranèa]] e lo limit nòrd de la [[Mar Mòrta]]. La Jerusalèm modèrna s'es estenduda luenh darrièr los limits de la vila vièlha, se [[Jerusalèm Èst]] es inclús, es la pus granda vila d'[[Israèl]]<ref>Largest city:
La vila es situada dins los [[Monts de Judèa]], entre la [[Mar Mediterranèa]] e lo limit nòrd de la [[Mar Mòrta]]. La Jerusalèm modèrna s'es estenduda luenh darrièr los limits de la vila vièlha, se [[Jerusalèm Èst]] es inclús, es la pus granda vila d'[[Israèl]]<ref>:<small>Largest city:


* "… modern Jerusalem, Israel's largest city …" (Erlanger, Steven. [http://travel2.nytimes.com/2006/04/16/travel/16jerusalem.html Jerusalem, Now], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 16 April 2006.)
* "… modern Jerusalem, Israel's largest city …" (Erlanger, Steven. [http://travel2.nytimes.com/2006/04/16/travel/16jerusalem.html Jerusalem, Now], ''[[The New York Times]]'', 16 April 2006.)
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* "Since 1975 unified Jerusalem has been the largest city in Israel." ([http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-203247 "Jerusalem"], [[Encyclopædia Britannica|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]], 2006. Retrieved 18 October 2006. [http://web.archive.org/web/20080621103517rn_1/student.britannica.com/comptons/article-203247/Jerusalem Archived] 21 June 2008)
* "Since 1975 unified Jerusalem has been the largest city in Israel." ([http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-203247 "Jerusalem"], [[Encyclopædia Britannica|Encyclopædia Britannica Online]], 2006. Retrieved 18 October 2006. [http://web.archive.org/web/20080621103517rn_1/student.britannica.com/comptons/article-203247/Jerusalem Archived] 21 June 2008)
* "Jerusalem is the largest city in the State of Israel. It has the largest population, the most Jews and the most non-Jews of all Israeli cities." (Klein, Menachem. ''Jerusalem: The Future of a Contested City'', New York University Press, 1 March 2001, p. 18. ISBN 0-8147-4754-X)
* "Jerusalem is the largest city in the State of Israel. It has the largest population, the most Jews and the most non-Jews of all Israeli cities." (Klein, Menachem. ''Jerusalem: The Future of a Contested City'', New York University Press, 1 March 2001, p. 18. ISBN 0-8147-4754-X)
* "In 1967, Tel Aviv was the largest city in Israel. By 1987, more ''Jews'' lived in Jerusalem than the total population of Tel Aviv. Jerusalem had become Israel's premier city." (Friedland, Roger and Hecht, Richard. ''To Rule Jerusalem'', University of California Press, 19 September 2000, p. 192. ISBN 0-520-22092-7).</ref> a l'encòp en populacion e en superfícia,<ref name="cbs">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/hodaot2006n/11_06_106e.pdf |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics |títol=Press Release: Jerusalem Day |date=24 May 2006 |accessdate=10 March 2007 |format=PDF}}</ref> amb 763,800 abitants subre una aira de 125.1 km2.<ref name="mfa-40th">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/population/new_2009/table3.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |títol=TABLE 3. – POPULATION(1) OF LOCALITIES NUMBERING ABOVE 2,000 RESIDENTS AND OTHER RURAL POPULATION ON 31/12/2008|accessdate=26 October 2009}}</ref><ref name="profile">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/population/new_2009/table3.pdf|publisher=[[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]]|títol=Local Authorities in Israel 2007, Publication #1295 – Municipality Profiles – Jerusalem|accessdate=31 December 2007|format=PDF|language=Hebrew}}</ref>
* "In 1967, Tel Aviv was the largest city in Israel. By 1987, more ''Jews'' lived in Jerusalem than the total population of Tel Aviv. Jerusalem had become Israel's premier city." (Friedland, Roger and Hecht, Richard. ''To Rule Jerusalem'', University of California Press, 19 September 2000, p. 192. ISBN 0-520-22092-7).</ref> a l'encòp en populacion e en superfícia,<ref name="cbs">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/hodaot2006n/11_06_106e.pdf |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics |títol=Press Release: Jerusalem Day |date=24 May 2006 |accessdate=10 March 2007 |format=PDF}}</ref> amb 763,800 abitants subre una aira de 125.1 km2.<ref name="mfa-40th">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/population/new_2009/table3.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=Israel Central Bureau of Statistics |títol=TABLE 3. – POPULATION(1) OF LOCALITIES NUMBERING ABOVE 2,000 RESIDENTS AND OTHER RURAL POPULATION ON 31/12/2008|accessdate=26 October 2009}}</ref><ref name="profile">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.cbs.gov.il/population/new_2009/table3.pdf|publisher=[[Israel Central Bureau of Statistics]]|títol=Local Authorities in Israel 2007, Publication #1295 – Municipality Profiles – Jerusalem|accessdate=31 December 2007|format=PDF|language=Hebrew}}:</small></ref>


Jerusalèm es una vila santa per las tres religions abrahamicas màger: [[Judaïsme]], [[Cristianisme]] e [[Islam]]. Per lo Judaïsme, Jerusalèm es una vila santa dempuèi que, segon l'ancian Testament biblic, lo rei [[David]] d'Israèl ne faguèt la capitala del [[Reialme d'Israèl]] en 1000 ab JC, e son filh [[Salamon (Bíblia)|Salomon]] comandèt la bastison del [[Temple de Jerusalèm|primièr Temple]] dins la vila.<ref name="1000BCE">Since the 10th century BCE:{{ref label|bible-david|v|a}}
Jerusalèm es una vila santa per las tres religions abrahamicas màger: [[Judaïsme]], [[Cristianisme]] e [[Islam]]. Per lo Judaïsme, Jerusalèm es una vila santa dempuèi que, segon l'ancian Testament biblic, lo rei [[David]] d'Israèl ne faguèt la capitala del [[Reialme d'Israèl]] en 1000 ab JC, e son filh [[Salamon (Bíblia)|Salomon]] comandèt la bastison del [[Temple de Jerusalèm|primièr Temple]] dins la vila.<ref name="1000BCE">:<small>Since the 10th century BCE:{{ref label|bible-david|v|a}}
* "Israel was first forged into a unified nation from Jerusalem some 3,000 years ago, when [[David|King David]] seized the crown and united the [[Israelites|twelve tribes]] from this city ... For a thousand years Jerusalem was the seat of Jewish sovereignty, the household site of kings, the location of its legislative councils and courts. In exile, the Jewish nation came to be identified with the city that had been the site of its ancient capital. Jews, wherever they were, prayed for its restoration." Roger Friedland, Richard D. Hecht. ''To Rule Jerusalem'', University of California Press, 2000, p. 8. ISBN 0-520-22092-7
* "Israel was first forged into a unified nation from Jerusalem some 3,000 years ago, when [[David|King David]] seized the crown and united the [[Israelites|twelve tribes]] from this city ... For a thousand years Jerusalem was the seat of Jewish sovereignty, the household site of kings, the location of its legislative councils and courts. In exile, the Jewish nation came to be identified with the city that had been the site of its ancient capital. Jews, wherever they were, prayed for its restoration." Roger Friedland, Richard D. Hecht. ''To Rule Jerusalem'', University of California Press, 2000, p. 8. ISBN 0-520-22092-7
* "The Jewish bond to Jerusalem was never broken. For three millennia, Jerusalem has been the center of the Jewish faith, retaining its symbolic value throughout the generations." [http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Facts%20About%20Israel/State/Jerusalem-%20the%20Holy%20City Jerusalem- the Holy City], Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 February 2003. Accessed 24 March 2007.
* "The Jewish bond to Jerusalem was never broken. For three millennia, Jerusalem has been the center of the Jewish faith, retaining its symbolic value throughout the generations." [http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Facts%20About%20Israel/State/Jerusalem-%20the%20Holy%20City Jerusalem- the Holy City], Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 February 2003. Accessed 24 March 2007.
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* "For Jews the city has been the pre-eminent focus of their spiritual, cultural, and national life throughout three millennia." Yossi Feintuch, ''U.S. Policy on Jerusalem'', Greenwood Publishing Group, 1987, p. 1. ISBN 0-313-25700-0
* "For Jews the city has been the pre-eminent focus of their spiritual, cultural, and national life throughout three millennia." Yossi Feintuch, ''U.S. Policy on Jerusalem'', Greenwood Publishing Group, 1987, p. 1. ISBN 0-313-25700-0
* "Jerusalem became the center of the Jewish people some 3,000 years ago" Moshe Maoz, Sari Nusseibeh, ''Jerusalem: Points of Friction – And Beyond'', Brill Academic Publishers, 2000, p. 1. ISBN 90-411-8843-6
* "Jerusalem became the center of the Jewish people some 3,000 years ago" Moshe Maoz, Sari Nusseibeh, ''Jerusalem: Points of Friction – And Beyond'', Brill Academic Publishers, 2000, p. 1. ISBN 90-411-8843-6
* "The Jewish people are inextricably bound to the city of Jerusalem. No other city has played such a dominant role in the history, politics, culture, religion, national life and consciousness of a people as has Jerusalem in the life of Jewry and Judaism. Since King David established the city as the capital of the Jewish state circa 1000 BCE, it has served as the symbol and most profound expression of the Jewish people's identity as a nation." [http://www.adl.org/israel/advocacy/glossary/jerusalem.asp Basic Facts you should know: Jerusalem], [[Anti-Defamation League]], 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2007.</ref> Dins lo Cristianisme, Jerusalèm es una vila santa dempuèi que, segon lo [[Novèl Testament]], [[Crucifixion de Jèsus|Jèsus foguèt crucificat]] en c. 30 CE, e que 300 ans pus tard Santa [[Elena de Constantinòble|Elena]] identifiquèt lo site del pelegrinatge de la vida de Jèsus. Dins l'[[Islam Sunita]], Jerusalèm es la tresena vila santa.<ref name="3rd-holiest">Third-holiest city in Islam:
* "The Jewish people are inextricably bound to the city of Jerusalem. No other city has played such a dominant role in the history, politics, culture, religion, national life and consciousness of a people as has Jerusalem in the life of Jewry and Judaism. Since King David established the city as the capital of the Jewish state circa 1000 BCE, it has served as the symbol and most profound expression of the Jewish people's identity as a nation." [http://www.adl.org/israel/advocacy/glossary/jerusalem.asp Basic Facts you should know: Jerusalem], [[Anti-Defamation League]], 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2007.</ref> Dins lo Cristianisme, Jerusalèm es una vila santa dempuèi que, segon lo [[Novèl Testament]], [[Crucifixion de Jèsus|Jèsus foguèt crucificat]] en c. 30 CE, e que 300 ans pus tard Santa [[Elena de Constantinòble|Elena]] identifiquèt lo site del pelegrinatge de la vida de Jèsus. Dins l'[[Islam Sunita]], Jerusalèm es la tresena vila santa.<ref name="3rd-holiest">:<small>Third-holiest city in Islam:
* {{Cite book|title=What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2 November 2002 |last=Esposito |first=John L. |authorlink=John Esposito |accessdate=11 March 2007 |isbn=0195157133 |page=157 |quote=The Night Journey made Jerusalem the third holiest city in Islam}}
* {{Cite book|title=What Everyone Needs to Know about Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2 November 2002 |last=Esposito |first=John L. |authorlink=John Esposito |accessdate=11 March 2007 |isbn=0195157133 |page=157 |quote=The Night Journey made Jerusalem the third holiest city in Islam}}
* {{Cite book|title=Religion and State: The Muslim Approach to Politics |last=Brown |first=Leon Carl |publisher=Columbia University Press |date=15 September 2000 |isbn=0231120389 |page=11 |chapter=Setting the Stage: Islam and Muslims |quote=The third holiest city of Islam—Jerusalem—is also very much in the center ... |accessdate=11 March 2007}}
* {{Cite book|title=Religion and State: The Muslim Approach to Politics |last=Brown |first=Leon Carl |publisher=Columbia University Press |date=15 September 2000 |isbn=0231120389 |page=11 |chapter=Setting the Stage: Islam and Muslims |quote=The third holiest city of Islam—Jerusalem—is also very much in the center ... |accessdate=11 March 2007}}
* {{Cite book|title=The Holy City: Jerusalem in the Theology of the Old Testament |last=Hoppe |first=Leslie J. |publisher=Michael Glazier Books |month=August |year=2000 |isbn=0814650813 |page=14 |quote=Jerusalem has always enjoyed a prominent place in Islam. Jerusalem is often referred to as the third holiest city in Islam ... |accessdate=11 March 2007}}</ref><ref>"Middle East peace plans" by Willard A. Beling": The Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount is the third holiest site in Sunni Islam after Mecca and Medina</ref> Venguèt la primièra ''[[Qibla]]'', lo punt focal per la pregària musulmana ([[Salah]]) en 610 CE,<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Lewis|editor1-first=Bernard|editor2-last=Holt|editor2-first=P. M.|editor3-last=Lambton|editor3-first=Ann|title=Cambridge History of Islam|year=1986|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}</ref> e segon la tradicion islamica, [[Maomet]] i faguèt son [[Isra and Mi'raj|viatge nocturn]] detz ans pus tard.<ref>{{Quran-usc-range|17|1|end=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Allen |first=Edgar |authorlink=Edgar Allen |year=2004 |title=States, Nations, and Borders: The Ethics of Making Boundaries |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0521525756 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=bntCSupRlO4C&pg=PA192&dq=Al-Masjid+Al-Aqsa |accessdate=9 June 2008}}</ref> En consequéncia, e malgrat una superfícia de solament 0.9 km2,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kollek |first=Teddy |authorlink=Teddy Kollek |chapter=Afterword |editor=John Phillips |title=A Will to Survive – Israel: the Faces of the Terror 1948-the Faces of Hope Today|publisher=Dial Press/James Wade|year=1977|quote=about {{convert|225|acre|km2}}}}</ref> la Vila Vièlha alberga de sites d'importància religiosa clau, entre eles cal senhalar: lo [[Mont del Temple]], lo [[Mur Oèst]], la [[Glèisa del Sant Sepulcre]], la [[Copòla de la Ròca]] e la [[mosqueta Al-Aqsa]].
* {{Cite book|title=The Holy City: Jerusalem in the Theology of the Old Testament |last=Hoppe |first=Leslie J. |publisher=Michael Glazier Books |month=August |year=2000 |isbn=0814650813 |page=14 |quote=Jerusalem has always enjoyed a prominent place in Islam. Jerusalem is often referred to as the third holiest city in Islam ... |accessdate=11 March 2007}}:</small></ref><ref>:<small>"Middle East peace plans" by Willard A. Beling": The Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount is the third holiest site in Sunni Islam after Mecca and Medina:</small></ref> Venguèt la primièra ''[[Qibla]]'', lo punt focal per la pregària musulmana ([[Salah]]) en 610 CE,<ref>:<small>{{cite book|editor1-last=Lewis|editor1-first=Bernard|editor2-last=Holt|editor2-first=P. M.|editor3-last=Lambton|editor3-first=Ann|title=Cambridge History of Islam|year=1986|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}:</small></ref> e segon la tradicion islamica, [[Maomet]] i faguèt son [[Isra and Mi'raj|viatge nocturn]] detz ans pus tard.<ref>:<small>{{Quran-usc-range|17|1|end=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Allen |first=Edgar |authorlink=Edgar Allen |year=2004 |title=States, Nations, and Borders: The Ethics of Making Boundaries |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0521525756 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=bntCSupRlO4C&pg=PA192&dq=Al-Masjid+Al-Aqsa |accessdate=9 June 2008}}</ref> En consequéncia, e malgrat una superfícia de solament 0.9 km2,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kollek |first=Teddy |authorlink=Teddy Kollek |chapter=Afterword |editor=John Phillips |title=A Will to Survive – Israel: the Faces of the Terror 1948-the Faces of Hope Today|publisher=Dial Press/James Wade|year=1977|quote=about {{convert|225|acre|km2}}}}:</small></ref> la Vila Vièlha alberga de sites d'importància religiosa clau, entre eles cal senhalar: lo [[Mont del Temple]], lo [[Mur Oèst]], la [[Glèisa del Sant Sepulcre]], la [[Copòla de la Ròca]] e la [[mosqueta Al-Aqsa]].


Durant sa longa istòria, Jerusalèm foguèt destuita dos còps, assejadas 23 còps, atacada52 còps, e presa e tornar presa 44 còps.<ref name="Moment">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.momentmag.com/Exclusive/2008/2008-03/200803-Jerusalem.html |publisher=Moment Magazine |títol=Do We Divide the Holiest Holy City? |accessdate=5 March 2008| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080603214950/http://www.momentmag.com/Exclusive/2008/2008-03/200803-Jerusalem.html| archivedate = 3 June 2008}}. According to Eric H. Cline’s tally in Jerusalem Besieged.</ref> La part pus vièlha de la vila foguèt establida al [[millenni IV abC]] abans JC, fasent de Jerusalèm una de las pus anciana ciutat del mond.<ref name="aice">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/jerutime.html |títol=Timeline for the History of Jerusalem |work=Jewish Virtual Library |accessdate=16 April 2007 |publisher=American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise}}</ref> La vila vièlha al dintre dels barris, un site del [[Patrimòni Mondial de l'Umanitat]], es devesida tradicionalament en quatre quartièrs, e mai que los noms utilizats uèi: quartièrs [[Quartièr Armenian|armenian]], [[Quartièr Crestian|crestian]], [[Quartièr Josieu (Jerusalèm)|josieu]], e [[Muslim Quarter|Muslim]] o foguèsson pas que dempuèi lo sègle XIX.<ref>{{Cite book|títol=Jerusalem in the 19th Century, The Old City |last=Ben-Arieh |first=Yehoshua |publisher=Yad Izhak Ben Zvi & St. Martin's Press |year=1984 |page=14 |isbn=0312441878}}</ref> La vila vièlha foguèt nomenada per èsser inclusa dins la [[Lista del Patrimòni de l'Umanitat en Perilh]] per Jordania en 1982.<ref>{{Ligam web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 |títol=Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls |publisher=Whc.unesco.org |accessdate=11 September 2010}}</ref>
Durant sa longa istòria, Jerusalèm foguèt destuita dos còps, assejadas 23 còps, atacada52 còps, e presa e tornar presa 44 còps.<ref name="Moment">:<small>{{Ligam web|url=http://www.momentmag.com/Exclusive/2008/2008-03/200803-Jerusalem.html |publisher=Moment Magazine |títol=Do We Divide the Holiest Holy City? |accessdate=5 March 2008| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080603214950/http://www.momentmag.com/Exclusive/2008/2008-03/200803-Jerusalem.html| archivedate = 3 June 2008}}. According to Eric H. Cline’s tally in Jerusalem Besieged.:</small></ref> La part pus vièlha de la vila foguèt establida al [[millenni IV abC]] abans JC, fasent de Jerusalèm una de las pus anciana ciutat del mond.<ref name="aice">:<small>{{Ligam web|url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/jerutime.html |títol=Timeline for the History of Jerusalem |work=Jewish Virtual Library |accessdate=16 April 2007 |publisher=American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise}}:</small></ref> La vila vièlha al dintre dels barris, un site del [[Patrimòni Mondial de l'Umanitat]], es devesida tradicionalament en quatre quartièrs, e mai que los noms utilizats uèi: quartièrs [[Quartièr Armenian|armenian]], [[Quartièr Crestian|crestian]], [[Quartièr Josieu (Jerusalèm)|josieu]], e [[Muslim Quarter|Muslim]] o foguèsson pas que dempuèi lo sègle XIX.<ref>:<small>{{Cite book|títol=Jerusalem in the 19th Century, The Old City |last=Ben-Arieh |first=Yehoshua |publisher=Yad Izhak Ben Zvi & St. Martin's Press |year=1984 |page=14 |isbn=0312441878}}:</small></ref> La vila vièlha foguèt nomenada per èsser inclusa dins la [[Lista del Patrimòni de l'Umanitat en Perilh]] per Jordania en 1982.<ref>:<small>{{Ligam web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 |títol=Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls |publisher=Whc.unesco.org |accessdate=11 September 2010}}:</small></ref>


Uèi, l'estatut de Jerusalèm demora un problèma central del [[Conflicte Israelopalestinian]]. Pendent la [[Guèrra araboisraeliana de 1948]], [[Jerusalèm Oèst]] foguèt entre los airals envasits puèi annexats per Israèl, mentre que [[Jerusalèm Èst]] foguèt capturat per [[Jordania]]. Israèl s'emparèt de Jerusalèm Èst en 1967 durant la [[Guèrra dels Sièis Jorns]] en seguida de que lo territòri foguèt annexat. Actualament, la [[Leis Basicas d'Israèl|Lei Basica israeliana]] fa de Jerusalèm la capitala indevesibla del país. La comunautat internacionala regeta l'annexion coma ilegala e considera Jerusalèm Èst coma un territòri palestinaian jos ocupacion militara israeliana.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11709617|title=Israel plans 1,300 East Jerusalem Jewish settler homes|work=BBC News |date=9 November 2010|quote=East Jerusalem is regarded as occupied Palestinian territory by the international community, but Israel says it is part of its territory.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|títol=The Question of Palestine & the United Nations|publisher=United Nations Department of Public Information|chapter=The status of Jerusalem|chapter-url=http://www.un.org/Depts/dpi/palestine/ch12.pdf|quote=East Jerusalem has been considered, by both the General Assembly and the Security Council, as part of the occupied Palestinian territory.|postscript=<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}}}</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8538791.stm Israeli authorities back 600 new East Jerusalem homes] BBC 26 February 2010</ref><ref>[http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/0/441329a958089eaa852560c4004ee74d?OpenDocument Resolution 298 September 25, 1971:] "Recalling its resolutions ... concerning measures and actions by Israel designed to change the status of the Israeli-occupied section of Jerusalem,..."</ref> La comunautat internacionala reconeis pas Jerusalèm coma capitala d'Israèl, e la vila alberga pas cap d'ambassada estrangièra.
Uèi, l'estatut de Jerusalèm demora un problèma central del [[Conflicte Israelopalestinian]]. Pendent la [[Guèrra araboisraeliana de 1948]], [[Jerusalèm Oèst]] foguèt entre los airals envasits puèi annexats per Israèl, mentre que [[Jerusalèm Èst]] foguèt capturat per [[Jordania]]. Israèl s'emparèt de Jerusalèm Èst en 1967 durant la [[Guèrra dels Sièis Jorns]] en seguida de que lo territòri foguèt annexat. Actualament, la [[Leis Basicas d'Israèl|Lei Basica israeliana]] fa de Jerusalèm la capitala indevesibla del país. La comunautat internacionala regeta l'annexion coma ilegala e considera Jerusalèm Èst coma un territòri palestinaian jos ocupacion militara israeliana.<ref>:<small>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11709617|title=Israel plans 1,300 East Jerusalem Jewish settler homes|work=BBC News |date=9 November 2010|quote=East Jerusalem is regarded as occupied Palestinian territory by the international community, but Israel says it is part of its territory.}}:</small></ref><ref>:<small>{{Cite book|títol=The Question of Palestine & the United Nations|publisher=United Nations Department of Public Information|chapter=The status of Jerusalem|chapter-url=http://www.un.org/Depts/dpi/palestine/ch12.pdf|quote=East Jerusalem has been considered, by both the General Assembly and the Security Council, as part of the occupied Palestinian territory.|postscript=<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}}}:</small></ref><ref>:<small>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8538791.stm Israeli authorities back 600 new East Jerusalem homes] BBC 26 February 2010:</small></ref><ref>:<small>[http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/0/441329a958089eaa852560c4004ee74d?OpenDocument Resolution 298 September 25, 1971:] "Recalling its resolutions ... concerning measures and actions by Israel designed to change the status of the Israeli-occupied section of Jerusalem,...":</small></ref> La comunautat internacionala reconeis pas Jerusalèm coma capitala d'Israèl, e la vila alberga pas cap d'ambassada estrangièra.


Segon l'[[Oficina Centrala Palestiniana d'estatisticas]] 208,000 palestinians demoran a Jerusalèm Èst, qu'es propausada per l'[[Autoritat Nacionala Palestiniana]] coma futura capitala d'un futur Estat Palestinian.<ref name="umd">{{Ligam web|url=http://www.publicpolicy.umd.edu/IPPP/Fall97Report/negotiating_jerusalem.htm |last=Segal |first=Jerome M. |publisher=The University of Maryland School of Public Policy |títol=Negotiating Jerusalem |accessdate=25 February 2007 |date=Fall 1997| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060514191731/http://www.publicpolicy.umd.edu/IPPP/Fall97Report/negotiating_jerusalem.htm| archivedate = 14 May 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Møller, Bjørn |títol=A Cooperative Structure for Israeli-Palestinian Relations |version=Working Paper No. 1 |publisher=Centre for European Policy Studies |month=November | year=2002 |url=http://shop.ceps.be/downfree.php?item_id=171 |format=PDF |accessdate=16 April 2007| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20040106192631/http://shop.ceps.be/downfree.php?item_id=171| archivedate = 6 January 2004}}</ref><ref name="Jpost_EJ_P">[http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1202246355071&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull Palestinians grow by a million in decade]</ref>
Segon l'[[Oficina Centrala Palestiniana d'estatisticas]] 208,000 palestinians demoran a Jerusalèm Èst, qu'es propausada per l'[[Autoritat Nacionala Palestiniana]] coma futura capitala d'un futur Estat Palestinian.<ref name="umd">:<small>{{Ligam web|url=http://www.publicpolicy.umd.edu/IPPP/Fall97Report/negotiating_jerusalem.htm |last=Segal |first=Jerome M. |publisher=The University of Maryland School of Public Policy |títol=Negotiating Jerusalem |accessdate=25 February 2007 |date=Fall 1997| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060514191731/http://www.publicpolicy.umd.edu/IPPP/Fall97Report/negotiating_jerusalem.htm| archivedate = 14 May 2006}}:</small></ref><ref>:<small>{{Cite journal|author=Møller, Bjørn |títol=A Cooperative Structure for Israeli-Palestinian Relations |version=Working Paper No. 1 |publisher=Centre for European Policy Studies |month=November | year=2002 |url=http://shop.ceps.be/downfree.php?item_id=171 |format=PDF |accessdate=16 April 2007| archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20040106192631/http://shop.ceps.be/downfree.php?item_id=171| archivedate = 6 January 2004}}:</small></ref><ref name="Jpost_EJ_P">:<small>[http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1202246355071&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull Palestinians grow by a million in decade]:</small></ref>


Totas las brancas del govèrn israelian son situada a Jerusalèm, inclús la [[Knesset]] (Parlament israelian), la residéncia del primièr ministre e del president e la Cort Suprèma. Jerusalèm alberga tanben l'[[Universitat Ebraïca de Jerusalèm|Universitat Ebraïca]] e lo [[Musèu d'Israèl]] amb son [[Santuari del Libre]]. Lo [[Zoo Biblic de Jerusalèm]] es classat pels israelians coma la pus granda atraction toristica.<ref>{{Ligam web|last=Rosenblum |first=Irit |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/843385.html |títol=Haareez Biblical Zoo favorite tourist site in 2006 |work=Haaretz |location=Israel |accessdate=11 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Ligam web|last=Lis |first=Jonathan |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/978314.html |títol=Jerusalem Zoo is Israel's number one tourist attraction |work=Haaretz |location=Israel |accessdate=2011-09-09}}</ref>
Totas las brancas del govèrn israelian son situada a Jerusalèm, inclús la [[Knesset]] (Parlament israelian), la residéncia del primièr ministre e del president e la Cort Suprèma. Jerusalèm alberga tanben l'[[Universitat Ebraïca de Jerusalèm|Universitat Ebraïca]] e lo [[Musèu d'Israèl]] amb son [[Santuari del Libre]]. Lo [[Zoo Biblic de Jerusalèm]] es classat pels israelians coma la pus granda atraction toristica.<ref>:<small>{{Ligam web|last=Rosenblum |first=Irit |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/843385.html |títol=Haareez Biblical Zoo favorite tourist site in 2006 |work=Haaretz |location=Israel |accessdate=11 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Ligam web|last=Lis |first=Jonathan |url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/978314.html |títol=Jerusalem Zoo is Israel's number one tourist attraction |work=Haaretz |location=Israel |accessdate=2011-09-09}}:</small></ref>


===Referéncias===
===Referéncias===
Linha 126 : Linha 126 :
[[gl:Xerusalén]]
[[gl:Xerusalén]]
[[gn:Herusalẽ]]
[[gn:Herusalẽ]]
[[got:𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐍅𐌼𐌰/Iairusaulwma]]
[[hak:Yâ-lu-sat-lâng]]
[[hak:Yâ-lu-sat-lâng]]
[[he:ירושלים]]
[[he:ירושלים]]

Version del 15 novembre de 2011 a 11.12


יְרוּשָׁלַיִם
Yerushaláyim
أورشليم القدس
Urshalim-Al-Quds
País Bandièra d’Israèl Israèl, levat Jerusalèm Èst pas reconegut per l'ONU
Superfícia 126 km²
Populacion 732 100 (2007)
Latitud 31° 46' N
Longitud 35° 13' È
Localizacion de la vila en Israèl


Jerusalèm (ירושלים - Yerushalayim en ebrieu, القدس - al Quds en arabi musulman o ا'ورشليم Ûrshalîm en arabi crestian ; lo nom oficial per l'Estat d'Israèl es Yerushalayim Ûrshalîm al Quds) es una vila de l' Orient Mejan considerada per l'estat d'Israèl coma sa capitala, mas aquesta designacion es pas reconeguda per la comunautat internacionala. La vila es situada dins los Monts de Judèa, entre la Mar Mediterranèa e lo limit nòrd de la Mar Mòrta. La Jerusalèm modèrna s'es estenduda luenh darrièr los limits de la vila vièlha, se Jerusalèm Èst es inclús, es la pus granda vila d'Israèl[1] a l'encòp en populacion e en superfícia,[2] amb 763,800 abitants subre una aira de 125.1 km2.[3][4]

Jerusalèm es una vila santa per las tres religions abrahamicas màger: Judaïsme, Cristianisme e Islam. Per lo Judaïsme, Jerusalèm es una vila santa dempuèi que, segon l'ancian Testament biblic, lo rei David d'Israèl ne faguèt la capitala del Reialme d'Israèl en 1000 ab JC, e son filh Salomon comandèt la bastison del primièr Temple dins la vila.[5] Dins lo Cristianisme, Jerusalèm es una vila santa dempuèi que, segon lo Novèl Testament, Jèsus foguèt crucificat en c. 30 CE, e que 300 ans pus tard Santa Elena identifiquèt lo site del pelegrinatge de la vida de Jèsus. Dins l'Islam Sunita, Jerusalèm es la tresena vila santa.[6][7] Venguèt la primièra Qibla, lo punt focal per la pregària musulmana (Salah) en 610 CE,[8] e segon la tradicion islamica, Maomet i faguèt son viatge nocturn detz ans pus tard.[9][10] En consequéncia, e malgrat una superfícia de solament 0.9 km2,[11] la Vila Vièlha alberga de sites d'importància religiosa clau, entre eles cal senhalar: lo Mont del Temple, lo Mur Oèst, la Glèisa del Sant Sepulcre, la Copòla de la Ròca e la mosqueta Al-Aqsa.

Durant sa longa istòria, Jerusalèm foguèt destuita dos còps, assejadas 23 còps, atacada52 còps, e presa e tornar presa 44 còps.[12] La part pus vièlha de la vila foguèt establida al millenni IV abC abans JC, fasent de Jerusalèm una de las pus anciana ciutat del mond.[13] La vila vièlha al dintre dels barris, un site del Patrimòni Mondial de l'Umanitat, es devesida tradicionalament en quatre quartièrs, e mai que los noms utilizats uèi: quartièrs armenian, crestian, josieu, e Muslim o foguèsson pas que dempuèi lo sègle XIX.[14] La vila vièlha foguèt nomenada per èsser inclusa dins la Lista del Patrimòni de l'Umanitat en Perilh per Jordania en 1982.[15]

Uèi, l'estatut de Jerusalèm demora un problèma central del Conflicte Israelopalestinian. Pendent la Guèrra araboisraeliana de 1948, Jerusalèm Oèst foguèt entre los airals envasits puèi annexats per Israèl, mentre que Jerusalèm Èst foguèt capturat per Jordania. Israèl s'emparèt de Jerusalèm Èst en 1967 durant la Guèrra dels Sièis Jorns en seguida de que lo territòri foguèt annexat. Actualament, la Lei Basica israeliana fa de Jerusalèm la capitala indevesibla del país. La comunautat internacionala regeta l'annexion coma ilegala e considera Jerusalèm Èst coma un territòri palestinaian jos ocupacion militara israeliana.[16][17][18][19] La comunautat internacionala reconeis pas Jerusalèm coma capitala d'Israèl, e la vila alberga pas cap d'ambassada estrangièra.

Segon l'Oficina Centrala Palestiniana d'estatisticas 208,000 palestinians demoran a Jerusalèm Èst, qu'es propausada per l'Autoritat Nacionala Palestiniana coma futura capitala d'un futur Estat Palestinian.[20][21][22]

Totas las brancas del govèrn israelian son situada a Jerusalèm, inclús la Knesset (Parlament israelian), la residéncia del primièr ministre e del president e la Cort Suprèma. Jerusalèm alberga tanben l'Universitat Ebraïca e lo Musèu d'Israèl amb son Santuari del Libre. Lo Zoo Biblic de Jerusalèm es classat pels israelians coma la pus granda atraction toristica.[23][24]

Referéncias

  1. :Largest city:
    • "… modern Jerusalem, Israel's largest city …" (Erlanger, Steven. Jerusalem, Now, The New York Times, 16 April 2006.)
    • "Jerusalem is Israel's largest city." ("Israel (country), Microsoft Encarta, 2006, p. 3. Retrieved 18 October 2006. Archived 31 October 2009.)
    • "Since 1975 unified Jerusalem has been the largest city in Israel." ("Jerusalem", Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2006. Retrieved 18 October 2006. Archived 21 June 2008)
    • "Jerusalem is the largest city in the State of Israel. It has the largest population, the most Jews and the most non-Jews of all Israeli cities." (Klein, Menachem. Jerusalem: The Future of a Contested City, New York University Press, 1 March 2001, p. 18. ISBN 0-8147-4754-X)
    • "In 1967, Tel Aviv was the largest city in Israel. By 1987, more Jews lived in Jerusalem than the total population of Tel Aviv. Jerusalem had become Israel's premier city." (Friedland, Roger and Hecht, Richard. To Rule Jerusalem, University of California Press, 19 September 2000, p. 192. ISBN 0-520-22092-7).
  2.  Press Release: Jerusalem Day (PDF).
  3.  TABLE 3. – POPULATION(1) OF LOCALITIES NUMBERING ABOVE 2,000 RESIDENTS AND OTHER RURAL POPULATION ON 31/12/2008 (PDF).
  4.  Local Authorities in Israel 2007, Publication #1295 – Municipality Profiles – Jerusalem (PDF).:
  5. :Since the 10th century BCE:Modèl:Ref label
    • "Israel was first forged into a unified nation from Jerusalem some 3,000 years ago, when King David seized the crown and united the twelve tribes from this city ... For a thousand years Jerusalem was the seat of Jewish sovereignty, the household site of kings, the location of its legislative councils and courts. In exile, the Jewish nation came to be identified with the city that had been the site of its ancient capital. Jews, wherever they were, prayed for its restoration." Roger Friedland, Richard D. Hecht. To Rule Jerusalem, University of California Press, 2000, p. 8. ISBN 0-520-22092-7
    • "The Jewish bond to Jerusalem was never broken. For three millennia, Jerusalem has been the center of the Jewish faith, retaining its symbolic value throughout the generations." Jerusalem- the Holy City, Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 February 2003. Accessed 24 March 2007.
    • "The centrality of Jerusalem to Judaism is so strong that even secular Jews express their devotion and attachment to the city, and cannot conceive of a modern State of Israel without it.... For Jews Jerusalem is sacred simply because it exists... Though Jerusalem's sacred character goes back three millennia ...". Leslie J. Hoppe. The Holy City: Jerusalem in the theology of the Old Testament, Liturgical Press, 2000, p. 6. ISBN 0-8146-5081-3
    • "Ever since King David made Jerusalem the capital of Israel 3,000 years ago, the city has played a central role in Jewish existence." Mitchell Geoffrey Bard, The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Middle East Conflict, Alpha Books, 2002, p. 330. ISBN 0-02-864410-7
    • "For Jews the city has been the pre-eminent focus of their spiritual, cultural, and national life throughout three millennia." Yossi Feintuch, U.S. Policy on Jerusalem, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1987, p. 1. ISBN 0-313-25700-0
    • "Jerusalem became the center of the Jewish people some 3,000 years ago" Moshe Maoz, Sari Nusseibeh, Jerusalem: Points of Friction – And Beyond, Brill Academic Publishers, 2000, p. 1. ISBN 90-411-8843-6
    • "The Jewish people are inextricably bound to the city of Jerusalem. No other city has played such a dominant role in the history, politics, culture, religion, national life and consciousness of a people as has Jerusalem in the life of Jewry and Judaism. Since King David established the city as the capital of the Jewish state circa 1000 BCE, it has served as the symbol and most profound expression of the Jewish people's identity as a nation." Basic Facts you should know: Jerusalem, Anti-Defamation League, 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2007.
  6. :Third-holiest city in Islam:
  7. :"Middle East peace plans" by Willard A. Beling": The Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount is the third holiest site in Sunni Islam after Mecca and Medina:
  8. : {{{títol}}}. :
  9. :Modèl:Quran-usc-range
  10.  [1]. ISBN 0521525756. 
  11.  {{{títol}}}. John Phillips. :
  12. : Do We Divide the Holiest Holy City?.. According to Eric H. Cline’s tally in Jerusalem Besieged.:
  13. : Timeline for the History of Jerusalem.:
  14. : Jerusalem in the 19th Century, The Old City. ISBN 0312441878. :
  15. : Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls.:
  16. :Modèl:Cite news:
  17. : The Question of Palestine & the United Nations. :
  18. :Israeli authorities back 600 new East Jerusalem homes BBC 26 February 2010:
  19. :Resolution 298 September 25, 1971: "Recalling its resolutions ... concerning measures and actions by Israel designed to change the status of the Israeli-occupied section of Jerusalem,...":
  20. : Negotiating Jerusalem.:
  21. : Møller, Bjørn (November 2002). {{{title}}} (PDF), Centre for European Policy Studies. Retrieved on 16 April 2007. :
  22. :Palestinians grow by a million in decade:
  23. : Haareez Biblical Zoo favorite tourist site in 2006.
  24.  Jerusalem Zoo is Israel's number one tourist attraction.:
Vista de Jerusalèm dempuèi lo Mont dels Olius

Modèl:Ligam AdQ Modèl:Ligam AdQ Modèl:Ligam AdQ